ABSTRACT
Background : Leptospirosis, toxoplasmosis and brucellosis are diseases with worldwide distribution. Among stray dogs, these zoonoses are facilitated by direct contact with other animal species, by the habit of scavenging garbage and hunting in search of food, drinking standing water, smelling other animals' urine, licking female genitalia and the sexual act itself. The objective of this study was to detect antibodies anti-Toxoplasma gondii, anti-Leptospira spp., anti-Brucella canis and anti-Brucella abortus in stray dogs housed in shelters at Umuarama city, Paraná, Brazil. In order to detect toxoplasmosis, indirect immunofluorescence assay (IFA) was performed, agglutination microscopic (MAT) test for leptospirosis and agar gel immunodiffusion (AGID) and buffered acidified antigen (BAA) tests for brucellosis. Results : Of the 175 serum samples analyzed, 70.85% were considered positive for toxoplasmosis by IFA, 20% by MAT for leptospirosis and 2.85% by AGID for Brucella canis. Conclusions : The serological results of this study showed that stray dogs housed at the private shelter are potential carriers of these three different zoonoses and contribute to the spread and maintenance of these etiologic agents in the urban area of Umuarama (PR), Brazil.(AU)
Subject(s)
Animals , Dogs , Brucellosis , Toxoplasmosis , Immunodiffusion , Leptospirosis , Fluorescent Antibody Technique, IndirectABSTRACT
Background : Leptospirosis, toxoplasmosis and brucellosis are diseases with worldwide distribution. Among stray dogs, these zoonoses are facilitated by direct contact with other animal species, by the habit of scavenging garbage and hunting in search of food, drinking standing water, smelling other animals' urine, licking female genitalia and the sexual act itself. The objective of this study was to detect antibodies anti-Toxoplasma gondii, anti-Leptospira spp., anti-Brucella canis and anti-Brucella abortus in stray dogs housed in shelters at Umuarama city, Paraná, Brazil. In order to detect toxoplasmosis, indirect immunofluorescence assay (IFA) was performed, agglutination microscopic (MAT) test for leptospirosis and agar gel immunodiffusion (AGID) and buffered acidified antigen (BAA) tests for brucellosis. Results : Of the 175 serum samples analyzed, 70.85% were considered positive for toxoplasmosis by IFA, 20% by MAT for leptospirosis and 2.85% by AGID for Brucella canis. Conclusions : The serological results of this study showed that stray dogs housed at the private shelter are potential carriers of these three different zoonoses and contribute to the spread and maintenance of these etiologic agents in the urban area of Umuarama (PR), Brazil.
ABSTRACT
A doença de Lyme é uma enfermidade infecciosa, sistêmica e cosmopolita que acomete diferentes espécies de animais domésticos, silvestres e também o homem. É transmitida por carrapatos sendo provocada pela infecção de bactérias do complexo Borrelia burgdorferi do complexo sensu lato (s.l.). A transmissão das borrélias para o carrapato pode ocorrer de forma transovariana e/ou transestadial e a transmissão no hospedeiro ocorre pela saliva infectada. Os cães são importantes reservatórios de Borrelia burgdorferi, podendo ser isoladas espiroquetas de animais clinicamente sadios. O objetivo deste trabalho foi relatar a presença de anticorpos anti-Borrelia burgdorferi em um cão errante assintomático da região noroeste do estado do Paraná. Foi coletado sangue pela punção da veia jugular externa de um cão que possuía carrapatos fixados no corpo albergado em um abrigo privado localizado na região noroeste do estado do Paraná. Para a pesquisa de anticorpos anti-Borrelia burgdorferi do complexo sensu lato a amostra de soro foi submetida à imunofluorescência indireta (IFI). O resultado demonstrou a presença de anticorpos anti-Borrelia burgdorferi, o que sugere a presença da borreliose de Lyme nesse cão errante e possivelmente a circulação do agente etiológico no referido local.
Lyme disease is an infectious, systemic and cosmopolitan disease affecting different species of domestic and wild animals, as well as humans. It is a tick-borne infection caused by bacteria of the Borrelia burgdorferi of the sensu lato (sl) complex. The transmission of borrelias to the tick may occur by transovarian and/or transestadial route, and the transmission to the host occurs by infected saliva. Dogs are important reservoirs of Borrelia burgdorferi, and spirochetes can be isolated from clinically healthy animals. The aim of this study is to report the presence of anti-Borrelia burgdorferi antibodies in an asymptomatic stray dog in the Northwestern state of Parana. Blood was collected by puncture of the jugular vein of a dog that had ticks attached to its body housed in a private shelter located in the Northwestern region of the state of Parana. For the detection of anti-Borrelia burgdorferi antibodies of the sensu lato complex, the serum sample was subjected to indirect immunofluorescence (IIF). The result showed the presence of anti-Borrelia burgdorferi antibodies suggesting the presence of Lyme disease in the dog and possibly errant movement of the etiologic agent in that location.
La enfermedad de Lyme es infecciosa, sistémica y cosmopolita, que acomete diferentes especies de animales domésticos, silvestres y también el hombre. Es transmitida por garrapatas, siendo provocada por la infección de bacterias del complexo Borrelia burgdorferi del complexo sensu lato (s.1.). La transmisión de las borrelias en la garrapata puede ocurrir de forma transovarial y/o transestadial, y la transmisión ocurre en el hospedero por la saliva infectada. Los perros son importantes reservatorios de Borrelia burgdorferi, pudiendo ser aisladas espiroquetas de animales clínicamente sanos. El objetivo de este estudio fue relatar la presencia de anticuerpos anti-Borrelia burgdorferi en un perro callejero asintomático de la región noroeste del estado de Paraná. Se recolectó sangre por punción de la vena yugular externa de un perro que tenía garrapatas fijadas en el cuerpo, en un abrigo privado localizado en la región noroeste del estado de Paraná. Para la investigación de anticuerpos anti-Borrelia burgdorferi del complexo sensu lato, la muestra de suero fue sometida a la inmunofluorescencia indirecta (IFI). El resultado demostró la presencia de anticuerpos anti-Borrelia burgdorferi, lo que sugiere la presencia de borreliosis de Lyme en este perro callejero y posiblemente la circulación del agente etiológico en el referido local.
ABSTRACT
A Leishmaniose Tegumentar (LT) é uma doença parasitária cosmopolita provocada por um protozoário pertencente à Ordem Kinetoplastida, família Trypanossomatidea e Gênero Leishmania e é transmitida por insetos dípteros hematófagos pertencentes à subfamília Phlebotominae. Nos cães a forma tegumentar se manifesta com lesões mucocutâneas, formação de úlceras de fundo granulomatoso e bordas salientes de difícil cicatrização. O objetivo deste trabalho foi relatar a presença de anticorpos anti-Leishmania spp. em um cão errante com sintomatologia clínica sugestiva para LTA na região noroeste do estado do Paraná. O resultado positivo no exame sorológico encontrado no presente trabalho sugere que houve a circulação do agente etiológico e, consequentemente, a exposição deste animal ao parasito, porém novos estudos com cães errantes e domiciliados com ou sem sintomatologia característica para LTA devem ser realizados para esclarecer melhor a participação do cão na epidemiologia da LTA no município local.
Cutaneous Leishmaniasis (CL) is a cosmopolitan parasitic disease caused by a protozoan belonging to the Kinetoplastida order, Trypanossomatidea family and Leishmania genus, and is transmitted by blood-sucking flies belonging to the Phlebotominae subfamily. In dogs, the cutaneous form manifests with mucocutaneous lesions, granulomatous bottom ulcers and difficult to heal flanges. This study aimed to report the presence of anti-Leishmania spp. in a stray dog with clinical symptoms suggesting LTA in the northwestern region of the state of Paraná. The positive serology found in the present study suggests that there was a movement of the etiological agent and, therefore, this animals exposure to the parasite, but further studies with stray and and domestic dogs with or without characteristic symptoms of LTA should be done to understand the role of a dog in the leishmaniasis epidemiology in the local municipality.
La Leishmaniosis Tegumentaria (LT) es una enfermedad parasitaria cosmopolita provocada por un protozoario perteneciente al Orden Kinetoplastida, familia Trypanosomatidae, Género Leishmania y es transmitida por insectos dípteros hematófagos pertenecientes a la subfamilia Phlebotominae. En perros, la forma tegumentaria se manifiesta con lesiones mucocutáneas, formación de úlceras de fondo granulo matoso y bordas salientes de difícil cicatrización. El objetivo de esta investigación fue relatar la presencia de anticuerpos anti-Leishmania spp. en un perro callejero con sintomatología clínica sugestiva para LTA en la región noroeste del estado de Paraná. El resultado positivo encontrado en el examen serológico, en la investigación, sugiere que hubo circulación del agente etiológico y, consecuentemente, la exposición de este animal al parasito, pero nuevos estudios con perros callejeros y domiciliados con o sin sintomatología característica para LTA deben ser realizados, para aclarar mejor la participación del perro en la epidemiología de LTA en el municipio local.